Resource

How to Recycle Plastic: A Straight Answer by Plastic Type

Whether a piece of plastic can be recycled depends almost entirely on which polymer it is and whether anyone nearby buys that polymer. Here's the practical version, type by type.

The short answer

Rinse and dry items, keep polymers separate, and check the resin code stamped on the item. Types 1 (PET) and 2 (HDPE) are recycled almost everywhere and are worth money. Type 5 (PP) is increasingly accepted. Types 3, 6 and 7, along with multi-layer sachets and black trays, are usually not recyclable through normal channels.

Read the resin code first

The number inside the small triangle is not a recyclability badge — it identifies the polymer. Two items can look identical and belong to completely different streams.

  • 1 — PET: water and soft-drink bottles. Widely recycled, high value.
  • 2 — HDPE: milk jugs, detergent bottles, caps. Widely recycled, high value.
  • 3 — PVC: pipes, some packaging. Rarely accepted; keep it out.
  • 4 — LDPE: bags, films, squeeze bottles. Accepted only via specialist film collection.
  • 5 — PP: tubs, yoghurt pots, bottle caps. Increasingly accepted.
  • 6 — PS: foam cups, trays. Almost never economically recyclable.
  • 7 — Other/mixed: multi-layer and composite. Effectively unrecyclable.

How to prepare items so they hold value

Contamination is the main reason otherwise good material gets rejected. Food residue, liquid and mixed polymers downgrade a whole bale, not just one item.

  • Empty and rinse — no residue, no liquid
  • Let items dry; moisture causes mould in stored bales
  • Keep caps and bottles separate unless your buyer says otherwise
  • Crush bottles to save space, but don't shred — shredded mixed plastic is hard to sort
  • Never bag recyclables inside a black bag; it gets treated as waste

Mistakes that ruin a load

Wish-cycling — putting something in hoping it qualifies — is expensive for whoever processes it. The most common offenders are greasy food containers, plastic-lined paper cups, cling film, disposable nappies, oxo- and bio-degradable bags, and anything still holding chemicals.

If there is no collection service where you live

Most people in low-collection regions have no kerbside pickup at all. The practical route is a nearby buy-back or aggregation point: separate PET and HDPE, keep them clean and dry, store them in a shaded place, and sell by weight.

That aggregation layer is exactly what AfriloopX is being built to provide — a paid, walkable drop-off point where plastic becomes income instead of litter. Our first hub is in development.

Frequently asked questions

Which plastics can actually be recycled?
PET (1) and HDPE (2) are recycled almost everywhere and have real resale value. PP (5) is increasingly accepted. PVC (3), PS (6) and mixed type 7 plastics are generally not recyclable through normal channels.
Do I need to wash plastic before recycling it?
Yes. Rinse out food and liquid residue and let items dry. Contamination is the most common reason a batch of otherwise recyclable plastic is downgraded or rejected.
Can I recycle plastic bags with bottles?
No. Thin film jams sorting equipment and belongs in dedicated film collection where it exists. Keep bags out of bottle and tub streams.
What do the numbers on plastic mean?
They are resin identification codes showing which polymer the item is made from, from 1 (PET) to 7 (other/mixed). They identify the material, not whether it is recyclable in your area.

Building this with us

AfriloopX is developing community-based plastic collection and recovery networks that create income for youth and women. We work with embassies, donors, NGOs and industry partners at the pilot stage.

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